Imperialism Essay

One negative effect imperialism had been that the Africans were being stripped of their land. In document 4 an African proverb states that â€Å"the whites† had taken their land and changed their faith, displaying the amount of power â€Å"the whites† have. Europeans first sent out missionaries to spread their religion to these non-industrialized countries. After the Europeans have set their religion in they would bring in the big guns and take their land. A West African nationalist, Sekou Toure, describes how imperialists look down upon Africans as savages who couldn’t rule and absorbed colonies into their empire, his purpose for the document was possibly to unite people against the whites. The imperialists would basically bully weaker countries until they lacked self-confidence and just eventually give up their land. Once the imperialists absorbed these colonies they would use their raw materials to support their industrialization back at their homeland. Although it appears that Africans being stripped of their land is a negative effect, a journal containing entries about country invasion by a military officer would help to clarify whether this is true. Another negative impact imperialism had been the exploitation of Africans for work. An unknown artist drew a picture of an Asian man and an African man pulling a military officer in a wagon to show the power that European nations have above others. Bigger/more powerful nations are taking advantage of the people settled in lands that aren’t industrialized or as rich. David Diop displayed how â€Å"The White Man† takes advantage of in Africans in An Anthology of West African Verse that describes the death of his father and brother and his mother being raped. In the second to last line Diop called â€Å"The White Man† the â€Å"Conqueror† because he truly did conquer Diop’s family and freedom. The â€Å"Conqueror† left Diop with nothing except forcing him into slavery. A German cartoon titled â€Å"Thus colonize the English† shows a man in uniform squeezing coins out of an African while another man is feeding the African water and a priest preaching in the background. The purpose of this illustration is to show the only value/importance an African American has is for its use of labor. Europeans see indigenous people as a way for them to make money. Mistreatment and forcing religion onto these people was common in order for them to have â€Å"power† of them. Although it appears that Africans were exploited by imperialist Europeans for work, a survey of the amount of pay African workers receive and their type of labor would help to clarify whether this is true. Imperialism did bring out a positive effect that was that the industrialized European nations and non-industrialized, agricultural societies both benefited from each other. O. P. Austin, the author of â€Å"Does Colonization Pay†, described how imperialism benefits progressive nations and the tropic colonies. This was written to persuade/inform the skeptics or people against imperialism. The positive effects would be that if the tropic colonies allowed the progressive nations to control garden spots then in return they would build schools and roads. These progressive nations claimed that they gave â€Å"these people the benefit of other blessings of civilization which they have not the means of creating themselves. † The document Imperialism and World Politics by Parker T.  Moore explains the different groups of people involved in imperialism to show the chain of command/importance. Imperialism involves more than just the military that take over the land, manufacturers have interest in colonial markets, and bankers are the most important because the money used for loan to build ships and railways. Although it appears that both nations benefitted from imperialism, newspaper articles from both nations about the status of their economy and politics would help to clarify whether this is true.

Festivals as a Source of Life

The importance of festivals in India, a festival is a celebration of life. Festivals for the general public to bring peace and happiness. They break the monotony of life. Indian festivals are numerous. The three types of national, religious and seasonal are one. Write the first festival. Ie national festivals are celebrated with great patriotic festivals favour. These Republic Day, Independence Day, Gandhi, etc. are included Jayanit. The second type of festivals festival people. These profession reflecting master Parav, Holly, Lohir, Buddhapurnima, Mahavir Jayanit, Dussehra, Diwali, Janmastami, Chath, Navratri, Eid, are included. The changes mark the third season. These festival, Baisakhi, Onam, Pongal, a festival entertainment includes the spring festival Panchanmi etc. , or a certain kind, often a series of performances held from time to time. Festival to break the monotony of life. They bring peace and happiness for the masses. All countries have their religious and cultural festivals. Indian festivals are numerous. They are warm, rich, varied and colorful. Indian festivals are as diverse as people themselves. National or political, religious and seasonal – they divided into three broad categories can be. Most Indian festivals, religions or myths and legends have their origins in popular religions. Some venerable men are struggling with the memory of events and, therefore, in nature monument. They keep alive the memory of the events and personalities and to inspire people to follow their example. Then festivals that punctuate the season of the year. National festivals, Republic Day, Independence Day, like Gandhi Jayanit great patriotism is celebrated with gusto. These days have been declared national holidays and a lot of excitement in all parts of the country is celebrated. Capital, New Delhi, is the seat of national celebrations such occasions. This is a Republic Day parade witness the majestic. Separate †¦

Critical Review. for Culinary Course Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Critical Review. for Culinary Course - Essay Example The sustainability of this tourism depends on the locality of culinary foods farmers. Major scenarios crises of this tourism include the contamination of foods, fear of unhealthy competition and natural disaster strikes. The aftermath of these is a detrimental damage to culinary tourism industry profits as well as tainting its name. The greatest odd time to make decisions on crisis management is during the calamity itself and all the stakeholders should be well equipped to handle the situation critically in order to reduce or prevent loss. Culinary tourism is becoming widely known and is offered in many places. Therefore, food is not only linked to it original region but it has become a marketing tool. For example, by exploring Ontario as a potential candidate in this lucrative business of culinary tourism in reference to global market place, the emerging issue is whether it can be sustained or not (Hall, 2013). Sustainability in this point of view is the ability of this tourism indu stry to protect its products, conservation of resources and give respect to the people traditions aiming for quality experience instead of monetary achievement. Market for culinary tourism recognition has led to a paramount significance in the economy of Ontario in 2001 ever since from its tourism ministry (Hall, 2013). The greatest factor to consider while establishing culinary tourism sustainability in Ontario is the part played by farmers in land treatment methods, where food is produced and sustainability regard to them to ensure the availability of sufficient food for various eating places. The consequences of poor farming habits is the land deterioration leading to poor yields as there is no attention given to the productivity of the soil. One is in a position to come across such poor farming habits in countries where education levels of farmer’s leaves a lot to be desired as they are not in a position to maintain the proportionality of soil productivity and high crop y ields (Hall, 2013). In the Southeast Asian country of Laos, the increased population led to land fragmentation to residential area leaving little for farming with the little left being over exploited. This in return led to food shortages which negatively affect culinary tourism in Ontario. The example given leads to a conclusion that the implementation of well researched systems should be put in place for the sustainability of agriculture to avoid such occurrence in Ontario (Hall, 2013). With culinary tourism trying to grow to the highest heights of attraction in Ontario, there is a call for sustainable farming methods which are more effective than our current farming methods in which only 38% of world land is utilized in farming alongside 70% of world’s water. These statistical data are according to United Nation Environmental Programme (UNEP). In the province investors who wish to be identified in as far a culinary tourist sites are concerned should develop a relationship w ith farmers who have adequate knowledge of sustainable farming habits (Hall, 2013). There are various organizations like the Ecological Farmers Association of Ontario which is in the forefront in the dissemination of knowledge and educational tools to farmers to give great care to their farmland. Also, Ontario Soil and Crop Improvement Association, degrees and diplomas in agriculture sustainability found in schools such as Tent and Guelp University. By making use of these resources,

Article Summary Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Summary - Article Example If clinicians know more about these aspects of emotional intelligence of their AN patients, they can help the latter improve their emotional functioning skills as part of their core treatment approaches. Clinicians would then be more sensitive to identifying emotional functioning skills deficits and help their patients with eating disorders manage their emotions more effectively. 3. How the author’s literature review supports the authors’ choice of hypotheses The author’s literature review showed support to the authors’ choice of hypotheses, by describing studies that showed that people with eating disorders tend to have emotion recognition deficits. For instance, Harrison et al. (2009 cited in p.349) illustrated the study by Zonnevijlle-Bender and colleagues, where they used three separate studies and discovered deficits in emotion recognition in people with an ED. Furthermore, Harrison et al. (2009) used literature on bingeing and restriction to explore the difficulties of people with eating disorders in managing their emotions. ... Second, there would be a relationship between emotion recognition and emotion regulation (Harrison et al., 2009, p.350). 5. Independent/predictor and dependent/criterion variables The independent variable is the ailment of AD. The dependent variables are emotion regulation and emotion recognition. 6. Operational definitions of the variables Anorexia Nervosa (AD) is diagnosed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV. The authors no longer defined AD itself, aside from connecting it with the dependent variables of emotional recognition and emotional regulation. The authors did mention, however, that â€Å"disordered eating is used to regulate affect† and that according to Mayer, Waller and Walters (1998) â€Å"eating pathology† aims to â€Å"block emotions† and ED behaviors commonly consist of â€Å"bingeing, vomiting and restriction may be used in order to regulate and manage painful emotional states experienced by the individual† (Corstorphine, 2006 cited in Harrison et al., 2009, p.350). Emotion recognition pertains to the ability to accurately perceive emotions in â€Å"faces, music and designs† (Mayer, Caruso, & Salovey, 1999 cited in Harrison et al., 2009, p.349). Emotion regulation refers to the ability to â€Å"manage emotions in the self and others† (Harrison et al., 2009, p.350). Emotion recognition was measured using Emotion Recognition: The RME Task (revised) (Baron-Cohen et al., 2001). Emotion regulation was measured using The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS; Gratz & Roemer, 2004). 7. The research subjects The research subjects consisted of twenty female participants with AN and twenty female healthy control (HC) participants. Participants with AN were came from the South London and Maudsley National

Health Promotion in Nursing Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Health Promotion in Nursing Care - Essay Example The first article by Ellenbecker, C., Bryne, K., O’Brien, E. & Rogosta (2001), tackled health promotion used to prevent diseases in the elderly. The sample population for this study is composed of elderly individuals who reside in a subsidized senior housing in Massachusetts (Ellenbecker, C. Bryne, K., O' Brien, E. & Rogosta, C., 2001, p. 9). On-site student nursing clinic were developed for the elderly to achieve improved health outcomes by making available health promotion and disease prevention services. The clinic’s activities involved outreach programs, screenings, influenza clinics and health education. Since the residents of this housing have a tendency to be isolated and are not aware of the nursing clinic’s healthcare services, the students decided to conduct outreach programs. Students go door-to-door and conduct home visits. Students may help the residents with their activities of daily living like bathing, cleaning, grooming, etc (Ellenbecker, C. Bryn e, K., O' Brien, E. & Rogosta, C., 2001, p. 12). Screenings were developed to identify potential health problems. Students base the screening on the residents needs. They screen for high blood pressure, depression, tuberculosis, elevated blood glucose levels and hearing and vision problems. This provides continued monitoring and follow ups which benefit the isolated elders immensely. The influenza clinic plays a major role in the immunization of the elderly in the housing. Students provide education, supplies, paperwork and final reports. This activity has health not only the residents but also the city health department in their goal of immunizing at risk populations. Students provide a variety of educational presentation based on what the residents are interested in. this include smoking cessation, prostate cancer, STDs, diabetes, alcohol and substance use, diet and nutrition and medication use. Individual health education is also done during clinic visits. Health education promot es self-care and supplemental support that the elderly needs. A variety of positive results can be seen from the in-site clinic (Ellenbecker, C. Bryne, K., O' Brien, E. & Rogosta, C., 2001, pp. 12-14). Some of which are the following: residents were able to give the name of their healthcare provider and report regular visit to the clinic, they receive flu and pneumonia vaccines, resident’s blood pressures were maintained within normal limits, residents post their medication list and emergency record in their apartment, blood sugar levels were recorded by the residents, etc. In the second article by Riley, M., Locke, A. & Skye, E. (2011), the sample population consisted of school-aged children, specifically from kindergarten to early adolescence. Health promotion is important is crucial at this age because children are just starting to establish patterns of behaviour. This is the vital time that the parents and the school work together to provide a conducive environment for le arning. Both parents and school management should be educated on what is important for their children. A major factor for a child to learn is healthy lifestyle (Riley, M., Locke, A. & Skye, E., 2011, p. 691). This can be achieved through dietary counselling, adequate physical activity, appropriate screen time or TV time, sufficient rest and sleep, proper dental care and safety. Also, high-risk behaviours to avoid are tobacco, alcohol and drug use, and sexual activity. Armed with

Teaching practice Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Teaching practice - Research Paper Example The students are told that they would be given extra marks if there is positive reinforcement and the same holds true when they fall short of the expected counts (Stewart, 2011). This is in line with the comprehension that the positive reinforcement acts as a morale booster and a sign of encouragement for the student while the negative reinforcement is also a support system which partially scolds the students but makes sure that they remain on track and in line with the changing needs of their schooling requirements, as are manifested by the teaching practices time and again. The example is all the more significant because it creates a sense of fear within the students that they need to give in their best and there is no room for lagging way behind within their educational curricula. It would enable them the teachers to realize where the students are standing at a particular juncture in time and find out their strengths and related weaknesses. References Stewart, D., 2011. Promoting connectedness through whole-school approaches: Key elements and pathways of influence. Health Education, 111(1)

Oral Contracts Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Oral Contracts - Assignment Example An important difference between written and oral contracts is in the time taken to sue for breaching of an oral contract is at times shorter. For instance in California, limitation is 2 years in regard to oral in comparison to 4 for written. Washington and Connecticut, 3 for oral and 6 for written. Georgia has 4 for oral and 20 for written (Clarkson, et al, 2006). Oral contracts are enforceable, inspite of popular belief. So long as there is sufficient evidence, any given court will enforce an agreement made orally. However there exists a single exception to this statute; if the subject matter falls within the law of frauds, which is an English law that was adopted in the US, which entails specific contracts to be in written form. This law is designed so as to avert fraudulent conduct especially when the given contract has got stakes that are high or durations that are long. Most states in the US usually call for written contracts in these circumstances; sale of real estates, leases for real estate lasting for more than a year, property transfer upon the death of the owner, agreements to settle another person’s debt and contracts for particular amount of cash (Jentz & Miller, 2008). Generally, a court will deem an oral contract not enforceable, when it falls within any of the above categories. Some sort of writing therefore, must exist and signed by all parties. Exceptions to this rule; claims even if a given oral contract is within its stipulations, it still will be enforced where; one of the parties partly complied with its stipulations or rather the plaintiff depended on the promise of the defendant and in the process suffered some injury as a result. Once again it is the burden of plaintiff to provide such evidence. It should be noted that contract law evidently does not support oral contracts. This is because oral contracts are hard to prove, and frequently form the foundation of deception. People are therefore

Sigmund Freud Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Sigmund Freud - Essay Example Sigmund Freud is well-remembered by history not for coming up with the right answers,but for asking the right questions.His conception of mental illness as something that could be understood,engaged with,and treated transformed our conception of the mentally ill or mentally disabled,and led to gradual improvements in the treatment of sufferers, both of emotional disturbance and cognitive disability. For a long time, mental handicaps were seen as completely insurmountable, just something that nobody could engage with or do anything about. In the 20th century, though, that began to change. The notion that mental illness was treatable began to become widespread, and mental hospitals because places of treatment rather than mere confinement. A good example of the changing attitudes is the 1975 film One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, based on Ken Kesey’s 1962 novel of the same title. In it, Randle McMurphy, played by Jack Nicholson, is transferred from prison to a mental instit ution, where he challenges the way the institution is run. Prior to his arrival, the institution is essentially a holding pen, a place where people are kept because society doesn’t want to deal with them. There is no real expectation that anyone ever will, or ever can, leave the institution or be cured of their problems. Indeed, McMurphy initially goes there because he thinks it will be an easier place than prison to serve out the remainder of his sentence, only to discover that one he’s in the institutional system, he can be kept there indefinitely against his will. However, by engaging with the other patients as human beings, McMurphy challenges the authority of the institutional system. He reveals that most of his fellow â€Å"nuts,† in his phrase, are capable of functioning at a higher level than they are given credit for, and even the mysterious Chief Bromden has been completely misdiagnosed. He’s not deaf and mute; he’s just very quiet. The s tory is a larger metaphor about the emasculating effects of institutional systems (it is not by accident that Nurse Ratched is female) but the very fact that it was set in a mental hospital reveals a serious change in attitudes toward the mentally ill and disabled. The 1960s were a fertile time for changing attitudes, and the liberation of McMurphy’s compatriots should be seen in that context. In 1968, the Special Olympics were founded, as parents of mentally disabled children were encouraged for the first time to take pride in their offspring despite their disability. Prior to this era, such parents were frequently told to have their children permanently institutionalized, and tell people they were dead. As another example, three years prior to the release of One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, there had been a famous television expose of the Willowbrook State School, a grossly abusive and inadequate institution for mentally disabled children and youths. It led to a publ ic outcry and a series of reforms in how such institutions were run. One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, in that sense, is chronicling an unfolding cultural narrative about the treatment of mental handicaps; it’s a story about changing attitudes that came out in a time of changing attitudes. There is often an easy narrative applied to the Civil War, one in which evil, racist Confederates are opposed by virtuous, non-racist Union troops. Few would phrase it in exactly that way, but that is the basic structure of the model many people absorb from pop culture and conventional wisdom. Like most such good-vs.-evil narratives, it is a gross oversimplification that misses much of its own point. Reality is, as ever, more complex. At another end of the spectrum, one finds those who insist that the war had nothing to do with slavery, that that was a mere incidental issue. Considering that every state that seceded wrote an elaborate proclamation of their reasons, and that every one of those documents cites slavery as their central ideological issue, the

LISTENING JOURNAL COMPOSERS MUSIC HISTORY I Assignment

LISTENING JOURNAL COMPOSERS MUSIC HISTORY I - Assignment Example Johann Sebastian Bach studied orthodox Lutheranism, Latin, Greek, mathematics, history, world geography and German literature. When Johann Sebastian Bach was nine years old he had an encounter with Johann Pachelbel. Johann Sebastian Bach received training on playing the organ at St. Michaels Church. Johann Sebastain Bach went on to play at the Court of the Duke of Weimar. He became master of concerts there. The first work that is to be studied is BWV1052 . In Bachs Harpsichord concierto, the harpsichord is the center piece in the orchestra. The harpsichord transcription was accomplished by adapting the ripieno string parts in order to make this piece emotionally stirring and vibrant. Chords are added in order to give fullness to this composition and there are left hand figurative adaptations in the harpsichord. In the primary and tertiary movement, the left hand of the harpsichordist imitates the ripieno continuo and the right hand of the harpsichordist plays melodically, as if to imitate a violin type sound. The primary and tertiary movements have a similar melodic foundation. The movements occurs in four sections, the commencement demonstrates the them in D minor, which is consequent to the emergence of F major. The second movement follows the leading A minor which is commuted to a C major. The third section resonates to the passive G minor and its accompanying major B flat major. The fourth section gives a recompilation of the prec eding three themes. This is a harpsichord concierto which was originally adapted from a piece made for an oboe. BWV 1053 in E major is a modification of Johann Sebastian Bachs work, the ripieno parts are much less pronounced than in BWV 1052 in D minor and they are given to the tutti venues. The lower tones of the harpsichord are more pronounced in BWV 1053 in E major than they are in BWV1052 in D minor. This adaptation enabled the harpsichord to be the centerpiece of

Answer Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Answer Questions - Essay Example A quoted firm can seek to grow its capital as an investment. Therefore, purchase of other organisations and seeking to produce more products, as well as enlarging the market share falls under this investment. When a listed company purchases another company, it increases its earnings through this investment. Listed private companies engage in this kind of investment because, they do not have to distribute the money back to the limited partners after a specified period of time (Cumming, 2010, p.56). A listed company that has already offered its shares in, through the stock market, can seek additional capital through a rights issue. Therefore, a listed company offers a rights issue to raise more finance, because its shares are already listed in the stock exchange. Rights issues are regarded by the stock exchange as the fairest activity to existing shareholders. Therefore, a company’s management can decide to allow shareholders to purchase additional stocks in the proportion to their current holdings. When an organisation wants money to expand its operations, it may opt to offer a rights issue. Members who are not willing to take up the rights issue can sell their right in the market so as to avoid losses resulting from dilution. It should be noted that a rights issue leads to an increase in the number of shares of a company, leading to dilution. Listed companies can also offer preference shares as a source of finance. The issue of preference shares enables a company to raise long-term finance. Preference shareholders provide finance to a listed company, while they get shares in return. A fixed dividend is to be earned by any shareholder who owns a preference share in a listed company. It is impossible for these types of stockholders to be engaged in decision making through voting. They do not participate in retained earnings, and this is advantageous to a listed company, because presence of preference shareholders does not threaten

Child Welfare Information Gateway Essay Example for Free

Child Welfare Information Gateway Essay In every state in the United States, teachers are subject to mandatory reporting laws (Smith 2006). In most cases that means the teacher is required to contact a law enforcement agency or child protective services regarding the allegations of abuse.   The law is rapidly changing regarding the requirements for reporting abuse and in many cases mandatory reporting laws have been extended from child care professionals and medical professions to the clergy as well (Smith 2006). Each state’s definition of when a teacher must report suspected abuse varies, but there is no state that penalizes a teacher who, acting in good faith made a report that turned out to be wrong. In the case of Mary, once her friend tells the teacher that Mary’s new step-father is â€Å"doing bad things to her†, the teacher is under a legal and moral obligation to report the suspected abuse to the proper authorities for investigation. If the teacher has reason to question the validity of Mary’s friend’s statement, she should explain that to the investigating authority as well, but making the report is an indisputable necessity. Teachers and others who are listed as mandatory reporters can face civil and criminal penalties for failing to report suspected abuse if something untoward should happen to the child. More importantly, though teachers are trained to spot early signs of abuse and neglect and report them, teachers do not have the extensive training necessary to investigate the accusations and make a determination whether abuse is happening. In this way, a teacher is not only protecting the child, but also protecting herself in reporting (Smith 2006). The issue for the teacher can be one of legal protection and emotional protection. Most people, including teachers, would feel tremendous guilt if they determine no abuse was happening, failed to report it to other authorities and then the child was injured through abuse. The decision then to talk to Mary about the accusations is a difficult one. Obviously, if Mary has been a student that the teacher is close with and has routinely shared her private life with her teacher, then approaching the subject delicately can let Mary know there is someone on her side. However, if talking with Mary is mishandled, it could hamper her future school relationships and potentially hamper the official investigation into the abuse. The correct way for a teacher to handle this would be to talk to the student privately at a time when it does not appear that talking with the teacher is punishment. Talking with her over a recess break or during a fun classroom activity could lead a seven-year-old to believe that she had done something wrong and was being punished for it. Therefore, given Mary’s age it might be appropriate to begin the conversation in as non-threatening a manner as possible. Selecting Mary for a chance to offer â€Å"special assistance† to the teacher might be an easy way to arrange to have the conversation. If Mary is helping the teacher to retrieve supplies or set up a fun classroom segment, she might be more at ease than if a formal meeting were set up. Remember, the key is making Mary comfortable. Once the when has been established, the how of the discussion becomes less arduous, though it is still a difficult task. The teacher must again continue to be as non-threatening as possible and must be certain not to betray Mary’s friend’s trust. If Mary believes her friend is â€Å"tattling† on her, she is likely to become more withdrawn and less willing to talk.   One approach that might work is to ask Mary about the symptoms she was exhibiting in a non-accusatory way. For example, asking Mary if she’s having trouble sleeping or casually discussing Mary’s home life. A teacher could consider an opening question like, â€Å"Mary, I noticed you seemed really sleepy this morning (last week, Tuesday, whenever). Do you have trouble sleeping at night like I do?† The teacher immediately establishes a common thread with Mary and does not appear to be asking about troubling or scary situations. Then, the teacher should ask deeper more pertinent questions based on the flow of the conversation. If it is determined that Mary has been abused, the consequences for her could be grave. Most studies report that the age and amount of psychological development at the time of the abuse largely affect the long-term consequences. (Child Welfare 2006). In Mary’s case, long term physical effects can include poor health or injury, depending on what types of bag things her step-father is doing to her. Children who are exposed to sexual abuse face a danger of sexually-transmitted diseases in addition to the physical effects of the abuse. Psychological consequences of the abuse can be even more damaging, long term.   An abused child is likely to have inappropriate social boundaries, either being to gregarious and open sexually or becoming withdrawn. They often also face cognitive development problems and mental health issues. As teens, children who were abused face greater risks of drug and alcohol abuse and greater instances of juvenile delinquency and crime. In short, if this is occurring, then Mary needs to be protected as soon as possible. (Child Welfare 2006). Longitudinal studies have shown that the longer the abuse continues, the more drastic the consequences might be. REFERENCES Child Welfare Information Gateway, 2006 , http://www.childwelfare.gov/pubs/factsheets/long_term_consequences.cfm, July 24, 2007. Smith, Susan K. â€Å"Mandatory Reporting of Child Abuse and Neglect† Nov. 2, 2006, http://www.smithmoorellc.com/mandatory_reporting.htm July 24, 2007.

Sch21 Communication Essay Example for Free

Sch21 Communication Essay Communication plays a major part in our everyday life, if we did not communicate with each other we could not learn, develop relationships or even progress and it is very important to make sure that the best provision is created for all. Different methods can be used as a way of communicating but the way we express it can have different effects on the children, parents and staff that we work with. When communicating with children it is important to give them your full attention as this encourages them to express how their feeling and to explore by asking questions because if by any chance you become distracted while communicating to a child by turning the other way while their are speakingthey may feel that what they are trying to say or ask you may be unimportant to you and this may cause the child to lack in confidence when speaking to another adult or child and may become reluctant in expressing themselves or asking questions. Adults can also demonstrate a good use of language and encourage children to express themselves and become confident in themselves by showing them that you are actively listening and showing them that they are valued by using your body language and facial expressions this is done by socially interacting with the child by getting down to their level and establishing eye contact, smiling attentivly and nodding encouraginaly to them. It is always important to make sure that good communication is kept with the child because if its not then the child may find it difficult to interact with you and this may affect his or hers learning and development. It is also important that your work is of its highest standard and that the child is benifiting from this. Good communication skills are always essential when working with parents, being positive towards them by showing them good eye contact, smiling and body language. It is also important when communicating with parents that you are giving them time to be heard and are paying full attention to them. When possitive relationships are formed between collegues and parents it is easier to trust, support help and advise. Parents will feel alot more confident about leaving their child in a setting if the staff are friendly and approachable by being this way you can recieve the mutual respect and develop a professional relationship by showing that you have interest and priority in their childs learning and development although it is as equally as important that while you are developing a professional friendly relationship with the parent that it doesnt become personal and develop into a friendship. Good communication is the key to establish a possitive relationship with your colleagues and other professionals in the setting it has a major impact on the daily running of the setting it is important to be polite show respect and be highly professional with anyone that you work along with. It is important to respect other peoples views regardless of your own personal opinion of them. If you choose to be unproffesional and dismiss other peoples views and opinions this may result in result between the adults and this can be easily picked up by the children and if communication is poor between the colleagues this can have a negative effect on the setting , while a good relationship between colleagues will create a comfortable and happy enviroment for allthose involved in the setting and they will feel valued which will create a strong proffessional relationship and will allow the children to learn and develop efficently, good teamwork depends on good communication. . 3 Give an explanation of why it is important to observe an individuals reactions when communicating with them. It is important to observe an individuals reactions when communicating with them because only around 70-80% of communication is verbal and if you are not paying attention to the persons facial expressions and bodily reactions then you will be missing out on a large part of the communication because not all people are able to communicate verbally maybe they dont know the language or just dont have the confidence, perhaps the individual may not have the confidence to confront the person therefore would use other ways of communicating.

Human Services for Child Welfare

Human Services for Child Welfare Human Services/Child Welfare/Child Abuse/Neglect Loretta McKelvey Abstract Human Services has several departments which are doing different functions. One department that has become a needed department would be child welfare. The following will help explain why it is needed. It will also be talking about the Human Services history and systems. Human Services has several department which are doing different things. One department that has become a needed department would be child welfare. The following will help explain why it is needed. Child welfare has been more involved with today’s society because of child abuse/child neglect is going on and being heard of more today than it was in the past of Human Services fields. Human services has evolved into a network of programs and agencies that provide an array of services to millions of Americans (Burger, 2014, p. 2). Primary social supports such as family, and friends, also play role in meeting human needs, and that role will be examined (Burger, 2014, p. 2). Early approaches to human services were cen tered on the hazards of illness, disability, and economic dependence. Programs were designed to help people who were unable to take care of their own needs. It was recognized that people with little or no income increasingly complex industrial societies were at risk of starvation or serious distress (Burger, 2014, p. 7). Human service background Colonial American times, it had been a commonly held belief that individuals should assist others in need by providing appropriate care and services. Early settlers from European countries to the American colonies believed caring for others to be a personal responsibility rather than a public duty the practice of charity has been a part of life since the first settlers. The laws and traditions prominent in England at the time were often adopted in early American communities (Norris-Tirrell, 2014).The statute sanctioned use of private monies for the benefit of the public good. Early American colonists incorporated these values as they shaped the roles of government, business and community (Norris-Tirrell, 2014). According to Norris-Tirrell â€Å"the population of the United States expanded, human service needs increased and changed role expectations for nonprofits. The impacts of disease, war, economic swings, and natural disasters were fertile ground for the creation of organizations such as the Ladies Aid Societies and the American Red Cross â€Å"(Norris-Tirrell, 2014). During the era of industrialization that followed the Civil War, voluntary organizations served many different functions including teaching vocation skills and advocating for reform (Norris-Tirrell, 2014). The latter resulted in the establishment of child labor laws and the creation of a juvenile justice system (Shields Rangarajan, 2011). In the late 1880s, Americans including Jane Addams advanced the settlement house model as a strategy for addressing urban poverty. This new movement embraced the progressive philosophy of the time emphasizing the importance of social science knowledge, compassion and expertise in creat ing solutions to social problems (Hall, 2010). After the American Revolution, the United States adopted laws based on the British Elizabethan â€Å"poor laws† to help people who could not economically provide for themselves (Van Slyke, 2002). Benjamin Franklin founded the first hospital for the care of persons with mental illness and devised a model of care that was practiced in hospital settings at the time (Van Slyke, 2002). Through the cooperative effort of community members, policy makers, and professionals from the medical field, this new model of care that arose during the â€Å"Moral Movement† was conceptually grounded in the belief that it was the responsibility of the general public to care for those in need (Van Slyke, 2002). The underpinnings of the Moral Movement therefore provided the framework for the establishment of the first mental health movement in America (Van Slyke, 2002). The Kennedy and Johnson Administrations followed with additional policies favorable for contracting out including The Public Assistance Amendments of 1962 and 1967 and The Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 (Van Slyke, 2002). Human services were prime candidates for privatization since existing nonprofit agencies held the necessary content expertise, thus â€Å"building on historical precedent to remove government from providing services that nongovernmental organizations already or can potentially provide† (Van Slyke, 2007, p. 159,) One agency of Department of Human Services is the Child welfare office that handles and deals with family and the charge of child abuse or neglect. The following will be discussing about Child Welfare and child abuse /neglect. Child welfare In the late 1930s, the network of child welfare professionals located in private agencies, public departments, advocacy organizations, and the U.S. Children’s Bureau, had grown optimistic that federal New Deal programs— such as Aid to Dependent Children (ADC), survivor’s insurance, and unemployment insurance—would eliminate (or at least sharply reduce) the role poverty played in separating children (like those of Morris, Collins, and Lane) from their families. Although these professionals did not always speak with one voice on all matters, they developed a general consensus around a number of issues (Rymph, 2012). Child welfare reformers believed that the 1935 Social Security Act would be a godsend for children in general, keeping families together and enabling more children to be raised in their own homes by their own parents (Rymph, 2012). With child welfare formed they started to see cases of child abuse. The following will discuss what is child abuse a nd child neglect and how the human services has and need to handle these clients. Child abuse Every child deserves a loving environment where they are not afraid of parental or elderly figures (Kiran, 2011). In recent years, the community has become increasingly aware of the problem of child abuse in our society (Kiran, 2011). Child abuse is prevalent in every segment of the society and is witnessed in all social, ethnic, religious and professional strata (Kiran, 2011). Human Services has several department which are doing different things. One department that has become a needed department would be child welfare. The following will help explain why it is needed. It will also be talking about the Human Services history and systems. One will work with children and families in need, many times they will deal with children that living in poor conditions, such as abuse, neglect, alcoholism, drug addiction, and poverty (Strolin-Goltzman, Kollar, Trinkle, 2010). Childhood should be a happy time, filled with memories of warmth, love, and carefree times (Child Welfare Social Work Careers, 2015).Unfortunately, not every child is blessed with loving parents and stable home lives (Child Welfare Social Work Careers, 2015). Some children are forced to cope with upheaval and problems at home, such as abuse, neglect, alcoholism, drug addiction, and poverty (Child Welfare Social Work Careers, 2015).Even in the United States, one of the most advanced countries in the world, some children still want for even the most basic of necessities, including food, shelter, health care, and appropriate clothing (Child Welfare Social Work Careers, 2015). Children who grow up in happy homes where all of their needs are met, typically grow u p to become happy, stable, and well-adjusted adults (Child Welfare Social Work Careers, 2015). On the other hand, those that grow up surrounded by unpleasant and dangerous situations often grow up suffering from mental and emotional unrest (Child Welfare Social Work Careers, 2015). They are plagued by the memories and images from their childhood, and some may even repeat the behavior that they witnessed, thinking that it’s normal (Child Welfare Social Work Careers, 2015). For example, studies show that children that grow up with abuse either go on to become abusers themselves or find themselves trapped in abusive relationships (Child Welfare Social Work Careers, 2015). Child Neglect Abuse and neglect, however, are major concerns for most child welfare social workers (Child Welfare Social Work Careers, 2015).The signs of both neglect and abuse can be very subtle at times and difficult to spot to the untrained eye (Child Welfare Social Work Careers, 2015). As a child welfare social worker, you will be trained to recognize signs of neglect and abuse in children and investigate. Below are a few examples of identifying signs of neglect and different types of abuse (Child Welfare Social Work Careers, 2015). Human service today Todays United States economy did not stand out until the 1970’s, nonprofit organization today offering a complex set of programs (Noris-Tirrel, 2014). Domestic violence shelters, job training and employment programs, child care centers, foster care, child protection these are a list of human services today provided by nonprofit organizations (Norris-Tirrel, 2014), Nonprofit organizations have been known to partnering with government, private business and communities in the delivery of human services (Norris-Tirrel, 2014). Conclusion Human Services has several department which are doing different things. One department that has become a needed department would be child welfare. The following will help explain why it is needed. It will also be talking about the Human Services history and systems. Human Services has several department which are doing different things. One department that has become a needed department would be child welfare. The following will help explain why it is needed. Child welfare has been more involved with today’s society because of child abuse/child neglect is going on and being heard of more today than it was in the past of Human Services fields. Human services has evolved into a network of programs and agencies that provide an array of services to millions of Americans (Burger, 2014, p. 2). Primary social supports such as family, and friends, also play role in meeting human needs, and that role will be examined (Burger, 2014, p. 2). Early approaches to human services were centere d on the hazards of illness, disability, and economic dependence. Programs were designed to help people who were unable to take care of their own needs. It was recognized that people with little or no income increasingly complex industrial societies were at risk of starvation or serious distress (Burger, 2014, p. 7). Human services are organized activities that help people in the areas of health care; mental health, including care for persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities and the physically handicapped; social welfare; child care; criminal justice; housing; recreation; and education (Burger, 2014, p. 8). References Child Welfare Social Work Careers CareersInPsychology.org careersinpsychology.org/become-a-child-welfare-social-worker. What is child welfare social work? Childhood should be a happy time, filled with memories of warmth, love, and carefree times. Unfortunately, not every child is. Retrieved March 31, 2015 from http://www.bing.com/search?q=Child+Welfare+Social+Work+Careersqs=nform=QBLHpq=child+welfare+social+work+careerssc=0sp=1sk=cvid=d973557eab4640eb800fdf1ed3b9ee. Daulaire, N. (2012). The global health strategy of the department of health and human services: Building on the lessons of PEPFAR. Health Affairs, 31(7), 1573-7. Retrieved May 25, 2015 from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1027881787?accountid=39364.. Kiran, K. (2011). Child abuse and neglect. Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, 29, 79-82. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-4388.90749. Retrieved May 12, 2015 from http://search.proquest.com.proxycampuslibrary.rockies.edu/docview/915645247/62DE496DBE934DB3PQ/13?accountid=39364. Mathews, B. (2014). Mandatory reporting laws and identification of child abuse and neglect: Consideration of differential maltreatment types, and a cross-jurisdictional analysis of child sexual abuse reports. Social Sciences, 3(3), 460-482. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci3030460. Retrieved May 12, 2015 from http://search.proquest.com.proxycampuslibrary.rockies.edu/docview/1615927520/62DE496DBE934DB. Mumpower, J. L. (2010). DISPROPORTIONALITY AT THE FRONT END OF THE CHILD WELFARE SERVICES SYSTEM: AN ANALYSIS OF RATES OF REFERRALS, HITS, MISSES, AND FALSE ALARMS. Journal of Health and Human Services Administration, 33(3), 364-405. Retrieved May 12, 2015 from http://search.proquest.com/docview/818931256?accountid=39364.3PQ/38?accountid=39364. Norman, R. E., Byambaa, M., De, R., Butchart, A., Scott, J., Vos, T. (2012). The long-term health consequences of child physical abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Medicine, 9(11), e1001349. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001349. Retrieved May 18, 2015 from http://search.proquest.com.proxycampuslibrary.rockies.edu/docview/1288095836/9B8C184D898A41CEPQ/9?accountid=39364. Norris-Tirrell, D. (2014). THE CHANGING ROLE OF PRIVATE, NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND DELIVERY OF HUMAN SERVICES IN THE UNITED STATES. Journal of Health and Human Services Administration, 37(3), 304-326. Retrieved May 12, 2015 from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1644728239?accountid=39364. Norris-Tirrell, D. (2010). INTRODUCTION TO THE SYMPOSIUM: NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS AS KEY PARTNERS IN THE DEVELOPMENT, DELIVERY AND EVALUATION OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES. Journal of Health and Human Services Administration, 32(4), 374-9. Retrieved May 25, 2015 from http://search.proquest.com/docview/366286120?accountid=39364. Palinkas, L. A., Holloway, I. W., Rice, E., Fuentes, D., Wu, Q., Chamberlain, P. (2011). Social networks and implementation of evidence-based practices in public youth-serving systems: A mixed-methods study. Implementation Science, 6, 113. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1748-5908-6-113. Retrieved May 25, 2015 from http://search.proquest.com.proxycampuslibrary.rockies.edu/docview/903976276/EFBF9FC159E247D5PQ/3?accountid=39364. Polinsky, M. L., Pion-Berlin, L., Williams, S., Long, T., Wolf, A. M. (2010). Preventing child abuse and neglect: A national evaluation of parent’s anonymous groups. Child Welfare, 89(6), 43-62. Retrieved May 12, 2015 from http://search.proquest.com/docview/865923677?accountid=39364. Raman, S., Maiese, M., Hurley, K., Greenfield, D. (2014). Addressing the clinical burden of child physical abuse and neglect in a large metropolitan region: Improving the evidence-base. Social Sciences, 3(4), 771-784. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci3040771. Retrieved May 18, 2015 from http://search.proquest.com.proxycampuslibrary.rockies.edu/docview/1645151563/9B8C184D898A41CEPQ/40?accountid=39364. Rymph, C. E. (2012). From â€Å"Economic Want† to â€Å"Family Pathology†: Foster Family Care, the New Deal, and the Emergence of a Public Child Welfare System. Journal of Policy History, 24(1), 7-25. DOI: 10.1017/S0898030611000352. Retrieved June 1, 2015 from http://web.b.ebscohost.com.proxy-campuslibrary.rockies.edu/ehost/pdfviewer/[emailprotected]vid=19hid=101. Saini, M. A., Black, T., Fallon, B., Marshall, A. (2013). Child custody disputes within the context of child protection investigations: Secondary analysis of the Canadian incident study of reported child abuse and neglect. Child Welfare, 92(1), 115-37. Retrieved May 12, 2015 from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1509394874?accountid=39364. Strolin-Goltzman, J., Kollar, S., Trinkle, J. (2010). Listening to the voices of children in foster care: youths speak out about child welfare workforce turnover and selection. Social Work, 55(1), 47-53.Retrieved March 31, 2015 from http://web.b.ebscohost.com.proxycampuslibrary.rockies.edu/ehost/detail/detail?vid=4[emailprotected]hid=109bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPWlwLHVybCx1aWQmc2l0ZT1laG9zdC1saXZl#db=aphAN=47234130.

Television and Media Violence - Is Aggressive Behavior Linked to TV Vio

Is Aggressive Behavior Linked to Television Violence?      Ã‚   According the Centerwall (1992), the average child aged 2-5 in 1990 watched 27 hours of television per day, or almost 4 hours per day. When much of what is on television, including cartoons and television shows targeted at children, contains violence, it becomes important to know whether watching televised violence can lead to or increase aggressive behavior. Social learning theory tells us that children model their behavior after those they see. It is reasonable, then, to infer that watching violence on television will lead to behaving violently, due to the modeling effect. The present study reviews some relevant prior research, and then investigates the hypothesis that children who view violent television behave more aggressively than children who view less violent television do.    Centerwall (1992) performed an intriguing study that strongly suggests a positive correlation with television viewing and aggressive, violent behavior. This study looks at the effect that the introduction of television had on the populations of three countries: the United States, Canada, and South Africa. Centerwall compared the homicide rates in these three countries during the years of 1945, 1974, and 1987. In 1945, the US and Canada were blessed with television, so the homicide statistics from 1945 were the last statistics that did not have the influence of television. South Africa, in contrast, did not receive television until 1975. Before 1975, South Africa had introduced other media   radio and cinema for example   so these statistics isolate the effect of television as a cause of increased homicide rates. Center... ...on cartoons on emotionally disturbed children. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 12:413-427 Huston-Stein, A., Fox, S., Greer, D., Watkins, B. A., & Whitaker, J. (1981). The effects of TV action and violence on children's social behavior. Journal of Genetic Psychology 138:183-191 Wiegman, O., Kuttschreuter, M., & Baarda, B. (1992). A longitudinal study of the effects of television viewing on aggressive and prosocial behaviors. British Journal of Social Psychology 31:147-164 Centerwall, B. S. (1992). Television and violence: the scale of the problem and where to go from here. The Journal of the American Medical Association 267:3059-3063 Singer, M. I., Miller, D. B., Guo, S., Flannery, D. J., Frierson, T., Slovak, K. (1999). Contributors to violent behavior among elementary and middle school children. Pediatrics 104:878

Against Happiness by Jim Holt Essay -- Against Happiness, Jim Holt

Jim Holt fails to label happiness as yet another social evil in "Against Happiness", an essay in the sunday magazine of the New York Times from June 20, 2004. In this essay Holt argues that: "Sad people are nice. Angry people are nasty. And, oddly enough, happy people tend to be nasty, too." This presents an intriguing, counterintuitive arguement to his readers, and while this is definately an intresting arguement to engage in, Holt falls short of convincing me of happiness' darkside. Sometimes he seems to just be rambling- this piece feels more like a discussion than an arguement, many times in the essay he reports evidence which may be convincing, if it wasn't immediately deflated by counter evidence or the author's own cautiousness, and worst of all, the report used to support his otherwise irresitable thesis, doesn't support it at all. The appeal in "Against Happiness" seems to be purely emotional. It seems that Holt belives that if the reader questions happiness enough, and gets sideways enough about the definition of happiness, they might be confused and paranoid enough to start beliving that maybe, possibly, if happiness were like that, and if happy people might do that, then I guess it may be possible that happiness could be bad in a certain circumstance. According to Holt's research, happiness is: a mood, an "'everything is fine' attitude that reduces motivation for analytical thought", "positive affect" (Holt later comments that "Elaborate scales have been invented to measure individual happiness, but researchers admit that difficulties remain), "well feeling", "a shallow and selfish goal", "a psychiatric disorder" (although Holt rebuffs by saying "that may be going a bit far"), and "An agreeable sensation arising from contem plating the misery of another" (Holt again steps back, "theres no need to be that cynical"). Thats a confusing combination that leads to a very loose definition of happiness, which makes this a difficult arguement to follow. The evidence Holt uses might work if he didn't undermine it by questioning it or prividing a counterpoint. He seems to be overly cautious, almost like he's having a hard time believing it. On one hand, "the United States consist... ...al. Maybe it was just an overlooked mistake by Holt, but considering that NYT's fact checking department was involved, and considering Holt writes in trusted, widely circulated publications like The New Yorker, The New York Times, and Slate, this is a mistake he simply should not make. Holt's misuse of evidence, poor use of other evidence, lack of support, lack of definition, and almost neutral stance make his arguement impossible to get behind. His message comes across unclear, and I'm still not sure what to think of it. It lacked the power to illicit an immediate response from me, and I'm sure many other readers. Please do your readers a favor Mr. Holt- next time you decide to kick an idea around, don't stake your claim in bad science, don't convince by confusion, and please use less "journalistic caricature". DeSteno, David, Dasgupta, Nilanjana, Bartlett, Monica Y. & Cajdric, Aida (2004) Prejudice >From Thin Air. Psychological Science 15 (5), 319-324 Misreporting Science in the New York Times: Against Happiness By Martin E. P. Seligman July 29, 2004 http://learnv.ycdsb.edu.on.ca/lt/FMMC/hpteacher.nsf/Files/mcmanad/$FILE/auth2.html

Attention Deficit Disorder Essay -- essays research papers

Attention Deficit Disorder Approximately 3-5% of all American children have an Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD). ADD is a leading cause of school failure and under-achievement. ADD characteristics often arise in early childhood. As many as 50% of children with ADD are never diagnosed. Boys significantly outnumber girls, though girls are more likely to be undiagnosed with ADD. "ADD is not an attention disorder, but a disorder of impulse control ( Seminar notes Barkeley) ." Characteristics of Attention Deficit Disorder can include : Fidgeting with hands or feet , difficulty remaining seated, awaiting turns in games, following through on instructions , shifting from one uncompleted task to another, difficulty playing quietly, interrupting conversations and intruding into other children's games, appearing to be not listening to what is being said, doing things that are dangerous without thinking about the consequences. Most scientist now believe that a brain dysfunction or abnormality in brain chemistry could be to blame for the symptoms of Attention Deficit Disorder. The frontal lobes of the brain are thought to be most responsible for the regulation of behavior and attention. They receive information from the lower brain, which regulated arousal and screens incoming messages from within and outside of the body. The limbic system , a group of related nervous system structures located in the midbrain and linked to emotions and feelings, also sends messages to the frontal lobes. Finally, the frontal lobes are suspected to be the site of working memory, the place where information about the immediate environment is considered for memory storage, planning, and future-directed behavior. Scientist believe the activity in the frontal lobes is depressed in people with ADD. Studies show a decrease in the ability of the ADD brain to use glucose, the body's main source of energy, leading to slower and less efficient activity. Neurotransmitters provide the connection between one nerve cell and another. In essence, neurotransmitters allow electrical impulses to pass across synapses from one neuron to another. It is now suspected that people with Attention Deficit Disorder have a chemical imbalance of a class of neurotransmitters called ... ... important and effective interventions for a child with ADD. Effective training will teach parents how to apply strategies to manage their child's behavior and improve their relationship with their child. Without consistent structure and clearly defined expectations and limits, children with ADD can become quite confused about the behaviors that are expected of them. Making and keeping friends is a difficult task for children with ADD. A variety of behavioral excesses and deficits common to these children get in the way of friendships. They may talk too much, dominate activities, intrude in others' games, or quit a game before its done. They may be unable to pay attention to what another child is saying, not respond when someone else tries to initiate and activity, or exhibit inappropriate behavior. I decided to write my research paper on Attention Deficit Disorder because my four-year old step-brother has recently been diagnosed with the disorder. I hope that my relationship with my brother can become closer now that I have a better understanding of what he is suffering from.

Gangs vs Cults

Gangs and Cults Gangs and cults at first glance may seem very different, and in some ways they are, but when you look closer their cultures are very similar. Cults promote a particular belief system, recruiting members by tricking them or influencing them to believe what they are teaching or telling them. Gangs pretty much do the same thing. They create glorified myths about the gang that appeal to young recruits, and far too often these myths become the foundation for young aspirations.Gangs differ from cults by promising things like money, sex, power, and materialistic things to their members. In the following essay I will show how the two groups have similar and different cultures when it comes to the use of symbols, behaviors, and language. Symbols are a very important part of the gang culture. Signs and symbols are used to identify a certain gang or to intimidate and disrespect rival gangs. There are times when they are used to identify a group of gangs, referred to as a â€Å" nation†.Gang members use tattoos, graffiti, and a particular color of clothing to show who they are affiliated with. Cults use symbols to identify different religious beliefs. Some examples of these signs or symbols are as follows; the inverted pentagram is used in witchcraft and occult rituals to conjure up evil spirits, the hexagram is one of the most potent symbols used in the working of the powers of darkness, and the upside down cross symbolizes mockery and rejection of Christ.Symbols are used in very different ways in the two cultures. Gangs represent their set very proudly and openly displaying who they are affiliated with, while cults mostly display their symbols through jewelry. Slang is the unique language used by the street gangs and prison gangs in America. Gangs have created a language of their own. Some of the words and symbols have a universal use and meaning, while others have an ethnic, cultural, or regional meaning.A few terms used by gangs are; a buster-a fa ke or imitation, ace kool-best friend or backup, bangin-gang fighting or violence, baby gangster-very young (7-12 years) who are used to act as lookouts, hold drugs, and guns. Cults use hypnotic language patterns and metaphors, either consciously or unconsciously. Every religion or cult has its own language. Most cults will speak their native language to one another in private, or during ceremonies. It is usually considered rude to not speak common when there are people from another cult present.Cults tend to completely withdraw from normal regular society, into a communal isolated lifestyle. That lifestyle can be a relative one, where people withdraw locally within their regular communities, or, actually withdraw as a group into a distant or remote area with others who follow their beliefs. The polygamists of southern Utah, who live in Colorado City, are an example of this behaviour. Gangs on the other hand are completely different when it comes to behaviour. They are typically ref erred to as a group of people who engage in criminal activity.Gangs exist in urban and even in rural areas as well. There are well over a quarter million youths throughout the country who are involved in gang activity (Curry et al. 1992). In Los Angeles County their violent acts claim an average of one life a day (1989 McBride & Jackson). In the past three-and-a-half years, more than 23,000 people have been killed along the U. S. border in connection with gang violence. â€Å"21 dead in Mexican gang gun battle near U. S. border,† The Associated Press, July 2, 2010. These two groups are similar in the way the form their groups, and recruit members.Yet they are very different in their actions. In spite of external pressures on gangs and cults to conform to conventional social norms, they choose to follow an alternative lifestyle and adopt untraditional values. While some members of the general public tolerate their existence, others express covert or even hostility towards them through threats or physical crimes.References Bissel, B. (n. d. ). Signs and symbols. Retrieved from http://www. exposingsatanism. org/signs2. htm Walker, R. (2010, November 09). Gangs or us. Retrieved from http://www. gangsorus. com/index. html

Dominant Management Philosophy of Whirlpool Corporation Essay

I hereby state the analysis of the dominant management philosophical system of Whirlpool Corporation for evaluating whether our company sh on the whole engender Whirlpool. Whirlpools management is potently committed to build bullnecked stations and a growing loyal consumer base via its brand value creation strategy establish on diversity, innovation, cost harvest- habitationivity and collective social responsibility. Whirlpool knows the art of supplement its broad(a) array of strong brands to operate strategically different & geographically far-flung markets.Innovation is Whirlpool Corporations differentiating strategy giving it a noteworthy competitive advantage. Every Whirlpool firebrand aims at understanding the unique consumer inevitably and converting them into products and services, thus, creating unmatched customer loyalty resulting in high tax processs and superior wages to the global investors. Whirlpools gross has grown by 7. 3 % it has returned $ 502 one thousand thousand to shareholders, during the year ended December 2007. unconnected from strong brands, Whirlpool has a surface diversified customer, product and employee base. A wide range of products allows the company to cater to a large and diverse range of consumers all across the globe, thus, providing it with diversified range of revenue streams. It strategically explores new markets and then uses its strong brands value creation strategies to enter those markets where product penetration level is still low. For example, India with a population of 1. one thousand million and an expected home appliances market size of $ 4 billion clicked as a high growth market. Whirlpool has already captured 25% of Indian market. It has well defined code of morality covering 14 aspects of business and the same(p) is well-embedded throughout the organization. Whirlpool is listed 18th on World 100 Best incarnate Citizens by Business ethics cartridge clip and among the Top 25 Most respect ed U. S. Companies by the Reputation Institute. This demonstrates strong consumer trust, which goat be leveraged to fuel higher turnover.

Nike Supply Chain Essay

Nike has been able to become a global player in the industry of sports apparel and professional athlete endorsements because of many different factors that are outlined in the way they manage their company. By analyzing the business plan of Nike we can see how their supply chain is set up as is illustrated above. The supply chain is very important for the transfer of their goods from the supplier of more raw materials to a manufacturer, then to a distributer, then to a retailer, to print then be available for the customer. This process is optimally tweaked to provide the best value for their product.It double gets their assignment done one invention one record .1. Contract SuppliersWhat Nike has implemented into how their system with outsourcing the production of raw materials, has been done by many first large apparel companies and is seen as something that can be highly profitable rather than producing the materials within the company. So what Nike has done, is brought in contr act suppliers from all over the world such like Vietnam for instance. To help visualize this part of the process, we must understand that the largest supplier has its own supply chain and it ends with exporting the products to Nike, which is where Nike’s supply chain begins.Nike conceives its goods in the shape of collections.

With how this system in place, Nike is closely watching the performance of their  suppliers and rating them in bright colors with the best being gold and descending from silver, bronze, yellow and red. Colors from bronze to gold are seen as successful and are given economic benefits and opportunities that would not be accessible to suppliers given a rating of yellow or red. These benefits and opportunities are seen as incentives for these suppliers and original form the system they have created for managing sustainability.2.It will have the ability while accepting dispatch to annual meet short-term demand with their distribution centers.Nike closely records each transaction and is in touch with the major supplier and manufacturer to get the best idea of how the transportation was carried out. These second third party transporters are rated in the same way as the suppliers and are example given rewards for timely deliveries of material.3. ManufacturerThis is the stage in the s upply chain where the raw materials brought in from the supplier are made into a final product which was designed by management.The shoes have cool experimental designs and features which make running easy on the football field.

This is a very important part of the supply chain because it is where the product is built that will eventually be sold to the customer so it is important for greek Nike to know that these manufacturers are  worth using. For measuring this, they have also been current rating these manufacturers in the same ways they rate their other third party contracts for the different different parts of their supply chain.4. LogisticsThe second time that logistics comes into play is when the final new product has to be moved to a distributing warehouse.So, regardless of what activity you like, shopping for Nike professional sports shoes for men on the internet is guaranteed to help you locate the perfect pair of shoes good for you.For this reason they record timely deliveries of products and of course look for damage wired and inconsistencies that the transportation company may be responsible for.5. DistributorThis stage in the chain is composed of either winged Nike warehouses set up to store their finished goods until it is demanded by a retail great store or other vendor or a third party distributor which would serve the same function. Oftentimes, a third third party is used for this step but this all depends on the most cost effective and logical method of distributing the new products at hand.Is Configuration, how it is organized to earn a profit.

To do this they closely analyze the inventory of preventing their products being held at these  distributors and make sure everything is kept by the books and reported back to Nike. The rating system is also in place for distributors to better great measure this stage of the supply chain to make future decisions regarding what third party independent distributors they should use.6. LogisticsFor the third time in the supply chain, Nike has to move their manufactured goods to another part of the process.In fact, it is many sports teams around the world in addition to a host for many high profile athletes.They are graded on the condition of the products when they arrive to the same vendor and how efficiently and timely the delivery was just like in the other parts of the supply chain from where transportation of either materials or the finished product were needed.7. Nike stores/ Retail stores/ Online storesThis is the first logical and only time in the cycle where the finished product becomes accessible for the public. In today’s world, there what are many people whom shop online for most of their needs so it is important to mention the distribution of the products to online vendors such as Amazon whom keep the product in their own facility until it is ordered.It generates employment opportunities for a high number of individuals from various rural areas of earth.

Reverse logistics/ Customer feedbackAn important part of Nike’s supply chain and business plan is well being in tune with the demands of their customers. This helps them to original design new products  that they hope will sell efficiently because of the feedback they received from their target demographic. This process is well known as reverse logistics and can be implemented through blogs, ratings, customer support, and other public services set up by Nike for this purpose.9.The organization has started with audits of new factories to ascertain regions of savings and energy-intensive processes.This is the part of the cycle where innovations come into play. Ideas more like switching to a â€Å"pull† system of managing sustainability are a prime example of what management is tasked with. winged Nike is constantly looking at ways to improve their processes. An example of this is technological how they’ve worked on a shoe made to be lighter for athletes bu t also optimized to produce the most least amount of waste as possible.Its now gearing to extend the same achievement to its adequate supply chain, which with the intent of reducing waste.

Nike also hopes that their new high rating system for parts of their supply chain will help them to soon how have all the companies working with them to be rated a bronze level or above. This would mean that only companies whom have proven to be reliable are part of the supply chain.ReferenceNike, Inc. 2011.In 2010, it vowed to stop purchasing carbon offsets.pdfPaine, L. S., Hsieh, N., Adamsons, L.The organization is merely one of the companies in the world in earnings generation.

H., Cohen, S. A., Lee, H.In the year 1978, it had been rebranded winged Nike Inc.Maturity in Responsible Supply Chain Management, Stanford: Stanford Global Management Supply Chain Forum. Available at: http://www.gsb.stanford.If certified it will be validated within three years of certification.

Language Arts For Students With Learning Disabilities Education Essay

The conception of this soft presumptionworthy example come later is to h anileer back into the blueprint to which accessary pedagogy go syllabuss surr residualer cultivational patterns in dustup arts to speeding artless scholars with larning dis affect to(p)ments. The farm discover address the finale to which retentiveness experient and accomplished forces adequate to(p) to ensure donnish persons IEPs ar in refinement hamper with adjutant educational activity serve swell uphead assertional com frameer tune of get a lineing commits is substantive in bumping learner ca-ca for swiftness berth sincere scholars with larning dis fitments and the ch t pop ensembleenges curbors and instinctiveize coordinators bribe a shit when give operate to educate-age childs with larning dis satisfactory-bodiedments. With a measur equal to(p) match of vastness organism come egress on the per centum of scholars hiting dear on body politic slope/ expression liberal arts postulate on awayning adjunct culture go has debate everywhere and deals to be a worth(predicate) imagery for educational leadership, instructors, stamp out farmrs and p arnts in the dilemma to salve in recoil days and instructors account adequate to(p) downstairs the No squirt left(a) content lay to the gamyest degree cloak of 2002 menstruum answer competentness administration. This soft fount sketch lead explore the ch any(prenominal) last(predicate)enges star Virginia strikeiciate soil approach when give supportant focu clack serve to amphetamine unreserved learners with larning dis adequate to(p)ments. The examination inquiries turn to the ch some(prenominal)enges SES directors and check coordinators breast when furnish SES operate to scholarly persons with larning dis commensuratements. The enquiry ruleological compend admits a soft exemplar critique institution which investigates the bails and forms by means of the fetchs of histrions. A soft methodological synopsis was selected to stimulate up a ameliorate match of the fetchs and perceptual experiences SES directors and domesticate coordinators display case when give SES do to drillchilds with larning disablements. This check out go out question the requi office for experient forces who be redey to sanction that the educatees with larning disablements SES schedules argon in enveloping(prenominal) hamper with their IEP. The outgrowths of this tang into could wait acer supplementary bidding run and t to for for wholly(prenominal) iodin ane sensations with collaborationism finished with(predicate) with(predicate) clears, partnerships, and confederations at bottom and beyond the rail puting in garnering a broader extensive noesis of larning schemes for educatees with larning disablements in file name extension educational activity go sees. adjunct interpreting be latch on away didacticsal Practices in style homoities and mathsematicsssematicsematicsematicssematics for unsubdivided Students with scholarship DisabilitiesBySharon R. CarterB.S. , Hampton University, 1998M.A. , Cambridge College, 2006 oration Submitted in uncomp permite fulfillmentof the Requirements for the spirit level of revive of groomingadministrative lead for commandment and accomplishmentWalden UniversityApril 2011DedicationTo my husband whose admire and apply enab trail me to go on my surveies and do this a outset bill and to my grandchildren who direct been a laudation to our ho physical exercise harmonise.Re dreadsI would aspiration gift my deepest h r atomic outlet 18 the line to my delegacy crap Dr. Lora Bailey and the second re intromission member, Dr. Michael Cass. I am indebted(predicate) to the many an new(prenominal)(prenominal) co- doers who return patronize me end-to-end my septs. I would deal to give conveys my hubby for without his subscribe toI would compliments to thank wholly my grey professors at Walden University who clunk out hit in stock(predicate) their support in a fingers breadth of ways. Without their guidance this dissertation would non grip been realistic. It has been a pleasure to read at Walden University. I owe my deepest gratitude to whole the professors at Walden University.I would aspiration well to thank god for I would non be favored without paragon who guides me in my terrene behavior and activities I thank Him for the legal wellness he has granted to me, and for the victory in my surveies. evade OF CONTENTS explore encrypt and nest 28 imperil to grimness 28selective info assemblage performances 28 data compend routines 28billet of the detective 28Participants Rights 28 caput 28Mentions 35 addendum A championship of Appendix wrongdoing author rootage non piece curriculum Vitae actus reus graph ic symbol germ non foundList OF TABLES hedge 1. Table 2. Table 3. abridgment of Findings Chapter 1 origination to the raftSince No s gullr left bunghole travel of 2002 passed the trust on educatee human bes instauration on English, quarrel humanities exertion to come up pedagogues and give lessonss accountable to the commonwealth accountability dust has buzz off change magnitudely of the essence(p). The No boor left toilet meet of 2002 chthonicway answerability frame arranges right smart cargo on the per centum of disciples hiting unspoilt on responsibility English, spoken parley humane control trials. on a dismount floor No baby leave dirty dog feat of 2002 solely(prenominal) res oerta essential scar up savant human bes exhi silicon chip benchmarks and speckle rails non doing contact yearbook progress ( AYP ) by means of res domaina special estimations McQuillan & A Salomon-Fernandez ( 2008 ) . As lee(prenominal) ( 2004 ) explicates the online accountably body is ground on the last- billet end of s pose tout ensemble earthly fretting nurture disciples upright in English, run-in human-centered discipline by 2014. As McQuillan & A Salomon-Fernandez ( 2008 ) explicate distri thatively lands essentials for ( AYP ) withdraws differ. However, in apiece land as a consequence indoctrinates neglecting for quartet reliable person anileer ages or to a peachy extremity than whitethorn demo corrective action. perambulators in jeopardy of non run intoing the end vista do and whitethorn be lucid into veritable intercessions. disciplines non doing mates yearbookly packaging AYP for 3 serial old ages ar considered, in motivation of approach. advertise McQuillan & A Salomon-Fernandez ( 2008 ) serve lands that the No claw left over(p) asshole construct on of 2002 agencys that tames, in accept of cash asseverate essentialinessine ss(prenominal)(prenominal) do lowly dictation run accessible to pupils in institutionation 1 coachs. concomitant assertion comp integritynt part ( SES ) has reconcile back importingantly diminutive in the predicament to friend apiece duty in run intoing the educatee world institution benchmarks and hiting unspoilt on state of matter lingual communicating human-centred disciplines trials. This lingual dis kind arts account for- group informman wait on moldiness be align with the responsible for(p)ness faculty memberian criterions striation in separately nation ( Casserly 2007 ) . In a 2008 conceive after McMullan & A Salomon-Fernandez explain that SES is purported to the economic solely toldy strip savants who fit the re baffle and reduced-price luncheon externalise ( p.1 ) . Students with disablements atomic number 18 non excluded from having these go. Ahearn 2007 ) states that ancillary educational serve inventions mold iness(prenominal)(prenominal) be reproducible with a groom-age child s personal culture political weapons platform to a lower place dent 614 Persons with Disabilities act upon of 2004 ( nous ) or naval grade 504 of the rehabilitation make up and savants with disablements moldiness arrest suppress accessary focussing operate and ad vindicatoryments 34 CFR AA200.46 ( a ) ( 4 ) and ( 5 ) ( p. 1 ) . In add-on, exclusively partnerships and confederations must(prenominal) sprain in concert to plight that students with disablements adjuvant interpretation serving cultureal serve be active line up with the bookman hotshot knowledge computer curriculum. plain-spoken communicating surrounded by, instructors, checks, countenancee counselling work domiciliaters and drill coordinators is necessary in guaranting invariable assistant educational run. In point the communion of drill-age childs with disablements persons breeding prog rams ( IEP ) is vital in ensureing ordered supplementary educational returns. then Ahearn ( 2007 ) states that, solely supplementary winding interpretation go returnrs atomic number 18 non take to spot students with larning disablements up to now the prescript does responsibleness that, if no contributer is able to put out the detach operate with inevitable adjustments the topical anesthetic culture consent ( ley ) of necessity to summate these assist straight or every by dint of a slew ( p.2 ) .Background of the StudyAfter- indoctrinate shape of turn overs earn plow a pop approach path to function up educateman fates and results of existence transp bent and secondary civilise claws in thejoined shows Chatterji, Kwon, & A Sng, ( 2006 ) .educational organisations much(prenominal)(prenominal) as cloak-and-dagger and exact railtimes, both minute good as religions ground organisations and semiprivate concern whitethorn commit to go secondary cultivation run providers. Tutoring work or commandment go concerned in expiry a assistancee-de-camp domain work provider must base an exertion to its order discussion section of knowledge for kindness so that it whitethorn musical note on a commonwealth listing of okay providers Chatterji, M. , Kwon, Y.A. , & A Sng, C. ( 2006 ) . t to each oneing that is call for to go a provider masking pieces such countries as the appli discountt s real experience, including the sends/number of scholars served, experience with extra proposition(prenominal) savant populations, and geographical scene. The applier s radical accessory cultivation operate picture selective teaching, including faculty member topics, partition degrees and implys of pupils served topical anaesthetic anesthetic anaesthetic anaestheticisation passageway, cost, and claimrefering the applier s contrive design operations, and organisational might atomic number 18indigenceed. Harmonizing to Chatterji, Kwon and Sng ( 2006 ) , the state whitethorn O.K. aprovider only if it has a demonstrate land of efficientity in change magnitude pupil achievement and bequeath engage educational schemes that be mellow tone of voice, establish upon explore, and knowing to adjoin pupil checkman performance The provider s serve must withal be arranged with the financial statemental computer programme, donnish capability of the obligation in which she or he wish to beseech adjuvant focussing run ( Casserly 2007 ) . The SES provider must provide accessory learning operate that ar consonant with federal official, nation, and topical anesthetic Torahs. The No put on left hand arsehole shape of 2002 state of matters that on that point be super take instructors for every classroom, provided the legislation is non particularized on the makings of coachs howeverto a wideer design coachs in accompaniment discipline function broadcasts do non postulate to be restricted instructors ( Ascher, 2006 ) . many adjutant didactics run suppliers rent growing runing from quadruplet to 20 hours and save a a couple of(prenominal) estimate their coachs. Casserly ( 2007 ) in actors line labor of the No infant left(p) screw answer of 2002 obligations that concomitant returns suppliers atomic number 18 to warrant that their tutoring operate assembly line of employment argon align with the responsibility donnish criterions and agreeable with the c ar provided by the local counsel authorisation ( pasture ) .However, suppliers in each seat of government strain of depicted object argon in alining with state criterions to the identical grade. Casserly ( 2007 ) explains that nigh suppliers wear the equal lingual chat humanitarian disciplines and math platform that they theatrical role in every state of matter. many states come had to sup port with hostility environing in force(p) lingual chat humanitarian disciplines pictures. The hypodissertatione is development as the write in code of suppliers and the mix of pupil consummation shortages grows.Marzano ( 2003 ) work adds that the young occlusion of tame rectify is the high instruct phrase on interprets. He explains that the strain is for educates to lend oneself meter prepargonings to place seeming do intercessions and apply cultivations to take note the efficientity of pupil encyclopaedism. Further, he states that rails must sense of smell c arfully at the question and so using up revolutions. Marzano s reform is to conterminous conversion on an additive footing. To illustrate this, Marzano ( as cited in Reynolds, Teddlie, Hopkins, and capital of Illinois 2000 ) describe a checks acceptance of a newfound melt of field of bena and focussingal excogitate firearm by present moment rather of all at one time. alleges must take their pasture with the in the normal eye(predicate) exhibit of appendage teaching method act lingual inter fertilise humane disciplines political platforms in retrieveing the strength of each be after.Wenger ( 2001 ) search put forward that secondary control serve lingual parley humane disciplines plans should be an extension of the find 24 hours for pupils targetional to originate larning with pedagogues works together and sh atomic number 18 acquaintance in the prove to further pupil larning. The books on instigatee counseling serve and pupils with larning disablements paint a picture that slender is earn a go at it about(predicate) pupils with disablements who ar accessing concomitant pedagogics work ( Ysseldyke, J. , Lehr, C. , & A Bulygo, A. 2008, January 1 ) . In a papers active by the parturiency assemblage at the national draw of assert Directors of contingent pedagogics ( NASDSE ) they expresse s the expect for appendix focusing aid suppliers that condition in tutoring for pupils with larning disablements and the charter for experient forces that argon watchful to insure that the pupil s wiz teaching method program ( IEP ) is in at hand(predicate) federation with the pupil s adjuvant educational serving wayal program. In an hold on adjuvant dictation work down the stairs NCLB by Eileen Ahearn in a picture apt(p) by the fall in farmings arm of facts of life, June 13, 2005 p.10-11 adjunct teaching run must be conformable with the pupil atomic number 53 admit program nether 614 Persons with Disabilities feign ( report ) or the pupil s manywhat(prenominal)ise serve downstairs(a) sub instalment 504 ( Ahearn 2007 p.2 ) . Hargreaves ( 1995 ) proposed the musical theme proposing well-grounded educational vicissitude requires the educational environs to be a locomote arial mosaic, non an milieu brag of inactive, chisel fun ctions and boundaries. Alternatively, the boundaries on the table and antiphonary to what occurs during the revisal procedure. The locomotion arial mosaic Fosters coaction by dint of webs, partnerships, and confederations at heart and beyond the check scene.Problem Statement in that respect is a transaction in the N. N. Virginia state-supported conditiondays territorial dominion. scorn that item that ancillary circumspection function plans mandates that checks necessitating pedantic approach must do submit tutoring open to pupils who know the throw in the towel and reduced-price lunch plan in form of address I disciplines. instill SES coordinator and SES directors continue to represent challenges with provide lingual communicating humane disciplines work to pupils with larning disablements in the speed plain class degrees. A potential coiffe of this line of business as verbalise by Ahearn ( 2007 ) is that that in that respect atomic number 1 8 however a hardly a(prenominal) experient forces in the supplementary focussing serve tutoring plans practised to sanction that the pupil s mavin bidding program is in scraggy coalescence with the pupils aide discipline improvement preceptal program.A pile by Ahearn ( 2007 ) affirm that SES suppliers ar ofttimes encourage by the crop territories to function pupils with larning disablements, although the ply whitethorn non hold the experience and eagerness to function them. Casserly ( 2007 ) hold that the NCLB ( 2002 ) mandates passing able instructors for every checkroom during the twenty-quartette hours up to now the constabulary is non precise on the makings of coachs. prams in plus cultivation benefit plans atomic number 18 non strike to be sure instructors. mayhap a discern which investigates the challenges SES directors and aim coordinators position when provide SES overhaul to pupils with disablements allow be to interrogation the train for experient forces who be watchful to insure that the pupils with larning disablements SES programs argon in tightly fitting- organize(prenominal) trammel with their IEP.The look of this eyeshot is to crush the challenges that SES directors and coordinators plaque when planning go to swiftness berth dewy-eyed pupils with larning disablements. The treasure take ons detailed indebt informations accumulation of one of Virginia instill territories SES directors and trail coordinators challenges with give lingual conference humanist disciplines operate to speed simplistic pupils. My surmise exit turn to the end to which retentiveness infrago and skilful forces able to reassure pupils IEPs argon in closedown adherence with attachment focussing military dish educational activityal programs is native in purifying pupil act for focal ratio straightforward pupils with larning disablements and the challenges directors and crop co ordinators adopt when render function to pupils with larning disablements. Outcome-establish ratings testament be utilise to observe the completion to which pupils with disablements atomic number 18 having supplementary knowledge work.Purpose of the StudyThe tendency of this soft represent look back leave behind be to look into the strike for experient forces who ar nimble to batten down that the pupils with larning disablements SES programs argon in adjacent bail with their IEP. The appraise go away investigate the experiences of appendix focus divine table aid supplier s directors and cultivate coordinators. The interpret of this position is to take c be the perceptive of the extension pedagogy function supplier s directors and condition coordinators brain of the focusingal patterns for pupils with larning disablements in adjuvant precept go plans. field of honor gained from this heap raise aid pedagogue confidential information inside the K-12 stage throttleting on whether thither is a read for more taut pick outs for adept mental faculty in addition nurture run plans able to secure that pupils with larning disablements supplementary educational run be logical with a pupil s adept way program under piece 614 ( vitamin D ) exclusives with Disabilities represent ( brain ) or the pupil s personalised go under instalment 504.Nature of the StudyThe retrospect use a soft lawsuit aspect method. Creswell ( 2007 ) states that the look into player in a look back selects persons for a take after because they keep meaningful information and apprehension of the investigate art. The SES discipline coordinators and SES directors take for direct knowledge of the challenges they mettle when tutoring pupils with disablements in SES Programs. A soft audience allows the look role player to depose information from some other beginnings or information highly- certain by the look f or doer ( hover 2002 ) .Rubin states that the soft oppugn impart let the query histrion to energize work out information about the search subject by side by side(p) up on replies prone by the converseee during the interjectnce ( p. 4 ) . A soft cause gaze method of look into has been chosen to repartee the look inquiries for this be. A qualitative position flack catcher allowed for a more in-depth retrospect into the work for pupils with larning disablements in appurtenance steering serve plans. soft inquiry is do when the referees wants to come about participants to grammatical constituent their narrative. The features of a qualitative question comply involve desire human conduct in investigate in its natural scene, garnering field notes, accept oning interviews and casting uping artefacts or eternises and voice surveies ( address, 2002 ) . In a qualitative peck informations is self-contained straight by the investigate histrion and sewer be baffling in footings of prejudices on the fortune of the look doer.The dialect of the muckle was to investigate the extent to which the accessory learning receipts directors and crop coordinators provide work to pupils with larning disablements. Participants from this tidy sum imply fractional dozener adjunct precept run directors and sise subsidiary commandment trail coordinators. each coordinator was engage by the teach form to coordinator appurtenance nurture work in lingual intercourse humanist disciplines and math to b be(a) trains. The appurtenant focusing answer directors provided function for honest pupils in lingual talk human-centred disciplines and math. investigate Questions and HypothesissThe succeeding(prenominal) investigate inquiries be address in the cogitationWhat atomic number 18 the assistant conditioning value coach coordinators perceive challenges with provide serve to upper undecomposable pupi ls with larning disablements in ancillary information gain lingual talk humane disciplines plans?2. What ar the extension watchfulness profit managers/directors comprehend challenges with furnish redevelopment to upper impartial pupils with larning disablements in the appendage didactics assistant lingual discourse humane disciplines plans?3. beg off the affinity in the midst of the challenges for adjunct pedagogy service managers/directors and work coordinators who provide work to upper childly pupil with larning disablements? explanation of Footings aide-de-camp focus work ( SES ) A accessory focal point function plan that requires schools in pedantic preliminaryment to fork out publish tutoring to pupils who get down the clean-handed and reduced-price dejeuner plan. supplement affirmation operate ( SES ) supplier A secondary training work supplier is a tutoring service that offers supplementary dictation function.No electric s acceptr left-hand(a) fanny work on of 2002 The No nestling left hand pot twist of 2002 is a mold of federal plans that necessitating dutys to better the schoolman science of common school pupils considered at hazard for school failure.Coach A coach is a one-on-one industrious to teach other in any(prenominal) sub course of study or subdivisions of acquisition, or a private teacher. faculty member Appraisals faculty member appraisals atomic number 18 a set of high- grapheme, yearlyly pupil academician appraisals that let in, at a lower limit, academic appraisals in math, reading or linguistic communicating humane disciplines, and scientific discipline that forget be utilise as the primal agencies of purpose the annual commonplace video display of their State. innocuous and Reduced-Price luncheon in line The unloosen and fall pecuniary value tiffin plan provides bountiful and reduced-price school tiffins to pupils based on the pupil s habitation s income . satisfactory periodic progress ( AYP ) able annual betterment is a step of pupil exploit on the country appraisal in reading and mathematics. claim I entitled give lessons A patronage I school is a globe school in which a per centum of kids are from low-income households. local anaesthetic educational activity chest ( grass ) The local counsel authorization is a progress of guidance that pull offs world round-eyed or secondary schools. open School prime(a) humankind school pick is a plan in which the chance is given to pupils in a school place as necessitating betterment to channelize to a better public school in their soil.State educational deputation ( sea ) The State teaching way is responsible for the State oversee of public unreserved and secondary schools. childlike and secondary winding statement put to work ( ESEA ) The basal and secondary tuition carry is a major federal police force impacting k-12th grade counsel enacted in 19 65.Premises aide command service afford the ascendence of bettering pupils public presentation, barely it is non give notice if the additions that were do in several schools are attri provideded to aide development work. The belles-lettres discussed the demand for ancillary pedagogy go plans to take the one-on-one grooming course of mull of pupils with larning disablements into the pupils tutoring plan, but did non commonwealth how and to what extent. This valuate result set up the demand for experient forces who are alert to tell that the pupils with larning disablements adjuvant educational service schoolingal program is in adjacent adhesion with their undivided pedagogy programs and to what extent appendage education serve plans are run intoing the demands of pupils with larning disablements.RestrictionsAuxiliary guidance service plans and school territories may overstate claims if they specify it leave alone demo their plan or school in a m ore compulsory mode. sealed subjects exit cover with actions or popular opinions for which thither is a socially front-runner place. Auxiliary statement serve suppliers may non maintain a record of their operate from the old class. therefore, aide counsel operate tutoring suppliers may non be able to place the pupils with larning disablements in their supplemental affirmation work plan, or the makings of the coachs furnish work to the pupils with larning disablements in their plans.The interviews get out be conducted confidentially. reference books entrust be pass by the thesis direction this allow assist to apology against look histrion prejudices which could interfere with the reading of the informations.Significance of the StudyA eyeshot analyzing the demand for experient and teach faculty for pupils with larning disablements in concomitant program line go linguistic intercourse human-centred disciplines tutoring plans is pertinent to pedagog ue leading at heart the K-12 condition and the greater maestro training community. investigateing adjutant nurture for pupils with larning disablements result advance tyrannical degree social revisal by guaranting that pupils with larning disablements prevail a just and becharm teaching and that all partnerships and confederations work in effect and take a cooperative attack to insure conquest for all pupils.The explore on extension development operate has contumacious that this is the origin powder magazine federal financess hold up been use to pay for pupil tutoring work outside(a) of the school frame ( Ahearn, 2007 ) . This play affects all pupils with larning disablements because these pupils must as every bit of import base on balls the Virginia state of matter ( linguistic colloquy humanitarian disciplines ) Standards of education ( colloidal solution ) trial. Researching accompaniment learning for pupils with larning disablements provide advance decreed social conversion by guaranting that pupils with larning disablements receive the additional aid they need to hold in order for them to fork over an equal and give up mastery and that all partnerships and confederations work in effect and take a collaborative search to vouch pupil succeeder and action.Summary and TransitionA qualitative representative great deal get out be utilise for this opinion. The principle for this qualitative fount appraise give find the demand for experient and deft ply for pupils with larning disablements in accessory guidance serve truthful linguistic dialogue human-centred disciplines tutoring plans. The appraise pull up stakes include sisesome Virginia addition educational activity service directors and managers and sextette adjuvant teaching method go coordinators from one school division in the obligation of Virginia take theatrical role in the attachment charge run bare(a) linguistic talk hu manist disciplines and math plans. The look into doer s aims lead be do unobjectionable to the extension centering run directors and managers verbally and in authorship. The participants, rights, intimacy and wants leave alone be considered when picks are made sing describing the information ( Creswell 2009, p.149 ) . A cryptanalytics carcass result be developed and use for the interviews to let lenient reading of participant s responses. Chapter 2 represents a recapitulation of publications that gives an abstract of appendix teaching go, the increasing embark of ancillary program line suppliers and the effectiveness of the appendix program line function plans. Chapter 3 discusses the seek method to be apply for the duodecimal study enquiry check over. Chapter 4 and 5 explores the three- infix enquiry report, the informations accruement, indite text edition of the interviews, study and the lively illations.Chapter 2 literary productions contain review go with and expert forces are ask to plight pupils IEP s are in close alliance with appurtenant charge service pedagogicsal programs are indispensable in bettering pupil skill for pupils with larning disablements. This sight allow look into the challenges directors and managers in SES plans and school establishment forces cause when surgery pupils with larning disablements. Highlighted in this mickle are the plants of Marzano, Hargreaves, and Wenger. Hargreaves ( 1995 ) suggested that effectual educational alteration requires the educational environs to be a locomotion mosaic that Fosters collaborationism by dint of webs, partnerships, and confederations at heart and beyond the school scene. The lit precise review was conducted through scholarly articles, and investigate databases that rivet on analyzing the demand for experient forces who are prepared to stop up that the pupils with disablements addition educational service ILP is in closer all iance with their IEP. supplemental financial statement operate information was obtained by seeking applicable databases. panorama studies and link up articles from 2002 to show. Walden s speaking and Theses database, EBSCO, and ERIC served as horizontal sur seem 1 and 2 database resources. Datas on the school territories non doing AYP was obtained through the Virginia segment of way web state of affairs and insistency studies and NEA province affiliates. The lean footings utilise in this horizon include adjuvant development go, appendage study function ( SES ) supplier, No nestling left wing goat operation of 2002, Tutor, pedantic Assessments, and adequate per annum improvement ( AYP ) , psyche study invent, Individual acquisition Plan and pupils with larning disablements. The subjects in breeding that led the look into worker to form the presentation of literature into the succeeding(prenominal) subdivisions include The Procedure of informing Parents, The substance of SES Providers, classroom computer programme and SES indicant and maths plans, SES military strength. This chapter seeks to reaction the succeeding(prenominal) inquiry as it relates to the look into inquiries that guide the contemplate What are school leaders and SES Manages and managers comprehend challenges with the SES innocent linguistic parley humanist disciplines and math tutoring plan? What are some challenges stave members come up when running(a) with pupils with larning disablements in SES plans?The Procedure of informing ParentsUnder the No s giver left wing puke twist parents are able to take a supplier for their kid from the state-approved supplier list. Although parents can tell the aid of their local school, parents make the lowest determination. Parents must warranty that their kid attends and participates befittingly in the ancillary service Sessionss and work with the school territory and the supplier to develop and place circumstantial academic accomplishment ends for their kid. The calibre of territory intro garner change well some were soft to read and presented the options in a positive patent radiation, eyepatch others were confounding, discouraged the function of the options, or were one-sided in favour of district-provided operate. This makes it increasingly demanding for parents to take the nigh prehend subsidiary bidding function supplier for their kid.classroom Curriculum and talking to liberal arts and mathematics ProgramsAuxiliary bidding suppliers must hire a high prime(prenominal), explore-based linguistic communion humanist disciplines and math plan designed to increase pupil accomplishment and consistent with the direction provided by the local financial statement berths and align with the province criterions. galore(postnominal) provinces direct had to consider with contest environing effectual linguistic discourse humanitarian disciplines and math plans. several(prenominal) suppliers have pre-and post-assessments and moreover a few have research-based linguistic confabulation humanistic disciplines and math plans ( Casserly 2007 ) . The job is heighten as the inscribe of suppliers addition and the categorization of pupil accomplishment shortages grows. It seems that suppliers in each province are alining their accessory instruction plan course of study with province criterions to the resembling grade. close to suppliers have the equal(p) linguistic parley humanistic disciplines and math plan that they use in every province. In a study step stick appurtenant educational function ( SES ) in Virginia, conducted by the kernel for Research in educational indemnity ( CREP ) at the University of Memphis. In 2007-2008 a striking multitude of SES supplier representatives ( 96.5 per centum ) account that they reorient their work and course of study with local and province academic content and criterions a ll a great deal or on amour. just about SES coordinator responses ( 83.4 per centum ) indicated that SES suppliers run were aline with province and local criterions. The multitude of SES coordinator responses ( 93.9 per centum ) indicated that SES suppliers complied with applicable province and local Torahs. The pile of SES supplier representatives ( 85.7 per centum ) describe that they were able to arrest serve to each school s course of study all frequentlytimes or on occasion. Three-fourthss of SES supplier representatives ( 75 per centum ) observe that coachs a good deal or on occasion turn back SES run with classroom acquisition activities. The bulge of SES coordinator responses ( 78.8 per centum ) indicated that SES suppliers collaborated to put ends for pupil growing any lots or on occasion. all over one-half of SES division coordinator responses ( 68.2 per centum indicated that supplier s qualified SES function to each school s course of study.The cr iterion of SES ProvidersIn a eyeshot conducted by the accomplished Rights Project, UCLA, 2007 analyzing the tendencies in proceeding of appendix educational function and student meshwork in SES, from 2002-03 to 2006-07. The aspect reason that the perfect augur of pupils having SES operate had change magnitude over a volt old ages period. The per centum of in line pupils real having work declined or leveled off after cinque old ages. The check into cerebrate that over a cinque yr period the general anatomy of SES suppliers spread out greatly in four of the six provinces examine. In one of the six provinces studied the figure of SES suppliers trunk the same and in one of the other provinces include in the accompany the figure of SES suppliers declined. The figure of suppliers grew well in all 11 territories. This research go over get outing research the challenges school appurtenance instruction go coordinators and directors typesetters case when functio ning artless pupils with disablements.The Effectiveness of SESThe snapper on raising constitution, 2007 examined attempts provinces have undertaken to run out the appendix educational function demands of NCLB, concentrating on school year 2006-07. The survey describes the processs employ to study and O.K. possible SES suppliers and the extent to which provinces were able to care the quality and effectuality of SES suppliers. there survey force informations from a declivity 2006 study of province instruction bureau functionaries in 50 provinces. xxxviii provinces describe being inefficient to deal the quality and effectiveness of SES suppliers to a great extent. scarcely 10 provinces report being able to make so to a great extent. States attributed their unfitness to supervise to deficient round and financess. The sterling(prenominal) challenges to implementing appurtenance function related to to supervising the quality and effectualness of SES supplie rs. forty-one provinces and about half ( 51 % ) of school territories called this a mute or sobering challenge. In a study measuring accessory educational run ( SES ) in Virginia, conducted by the circle around for Research in educational Policy ( CREP ) at the University of Memphis. In 2007-2008, 35 SES suppliers delivered SES service to 3,344 pupils in 26 school divisions. In entire, 3,344 SES pupils ( 3,758 contracts ) get SES tutoring function from 35 suppliers crosswise 53 schools in 26 divisions in Virginia in 2007-2008. within the 26 divisions, 55 act I schools were mandatory to offer SES go. xxvi ( 26 ) southeastward suppliers effected 1,357 contracts in mathematics, man 32 SES open 2,401 contracts in reading/ style humanistic disciplines. In the state-level abridgment utilizing informations from all SES suppliers combined, no weighty differences in either reading/ lyric humanistic disciplines or mathematics public presentation were found between pupils hav ing SES service and those non having SES go. temporary hookup the study findings revealed boilers suit satisfaction with SES death penalty and operate, all respondent groups state countries for betterment. These countries include 1 ) compound of SES service with schoolroom direction 2 ) maternal betrothal and division aid in advising parents about SES serve 3 ) limited hours of SES operate 4 ) observe of SES run both at the school site and in places and 5 ) transit to and from SES service. close SES supplier representatives ( 78.6 per centum ) report that they gave direction to pupils with disablements often or on occasion. umpteen SES supplier representatives ( 71.5 per centum ) anyhow report that they offered take away direction to ELL pupils as require either often or on occasion. umpteen SES coordinator responses ( 67.4 per centum ) indicated that SES suppliers offered services to particular instruction and ELL pupils. xix ( 19 ) per centum of pupils ha ving SES services ( 572 pupils ) were pupils with disablements. septet school divisions in Virginia participated in a linked States part of Education ( utilise ) pilot project for nose candy of domain School prize ( PSC ) and secondary educational serve ( SES ) during the 2007-2008 school twelvemonth. These divisions offered SES to legal pupils go toing schools in their first twelvemonth of school improvemeChapter 3 Research MethodsThe pass intent of this survey is to look into the challenges that SESdirectors and coordinators governance when preparation services to elementarypupils with larning disablements. The research worker similarly desire to bring out if underdevelop coaction through webs, partnerships, and confederations within and beyond the school puting would help supplement instruction services provide in garnering a broder elongate cognition of larning schemes for pupils with larning disabilties. The qualitative exemplar survey design was apply to state the research questions.. pass over ( 2002 ) describes quintuple qualitative substitution classs positivist, lieu positivist, constructivist, critical/ womens right-wing and poststructuralist. Hatch ( 2002 ) describes a persona as a belief system that guides the way we do things The philosophic qualitative paradigms that guides my research into appurtenance instruction services for pupils with disablements would be the move positivist paradigm. The broadcast rationalist research worker sees themselves as informations aggregation instruments and studies generalisations based on careful analysis of interview informations ( Hatch, 2002 ) . The range rationalist paradigm states that at that place may be a animated universe out at that place, but it s out of the question for worlds to unfeignedly cognize it ( Hatch, 2002 ) .This qualitative survey will equivalence the challenges supplemental instruction services school coordinators and directors formulation withp reparation tutoring services to unsubdivided pupils with larning disablements.The research inquiries explored the challenges that SES directors andcoordinators face when planning services to elementary pupils with acquisitiondisablements. There were two hypothesis in this survey.There are essential challenges with attribute primitive particularinstruction coachs in accessary instruction services aboveboard linguistic communication humanistic disciplinesand math plans able to plug that pupils with larning disablementsunity instruction program under office 614 Persons with Disabilities exercise of2004 ( estimate ) or function 504 of the reformation fiddle and pupils withdisablements must have steal auxiliary instruction services andadjustments 34 CFR AA200.46 ( a ) ( 4 ) and ( 5 ) .The undermentioned research inquiries are turn to in this study.1. What are the auxiliary instruction service school coordinators perceive challenges with furnish services to pupils with larning disablements in auxiliary instruction service linguistic communication humanistic disciplines and math plans?2. What are the auxiliary instruction service managers/directors perceived challenges with provision services to pupils with larning disablements in the auxiliary instruction service linguistic communication humanistic disciplines and math plans?3. justify the relationship between the challenges for auxiliary instruction service managers/directors and school coordinators who provide services to student with larning disablements?